Macau legislators have renewed concerns over automation in the gaming sector after a second-generation “croupier robot” was showcased at the recent Asian International Entertainment Expo.
The robotic dealer, presented by Chow Tai Fook, attracted significant public attention during the event and prompted debate over the potential impact of artificial intelligence and automation on employment within Macau’s casino industry.
During a Legislative Assembly session, directly elected legislator Leong Sun Yuk urged authorities to maintain restrictions on the introduction of robotic dealers by gaming operators. He argued that technological development should support workers rather than replace them, particularly in an industry that employs a large local workforce.
According to figures cited during the session, Macau had nearly 24,000 croupiers as of 2025. Leong warned that widespread adoption of robotic dealers could have implications for thousands of local families dependent on gaming industry employment.
He also referenced previous discussions around automated casino dealers, noting that similar proposals in earlier years had faced opposition from employee groups and labour unions. Authorities at the time reassured workers that protections for local employment would remain in place.
Alongside concerns over robotic dealers, lawmakers highlighted broader issues linked to increasing automation across casino operations. Some employees have reportedly raised concerns that electronic gaming tables and digital systems have accelerated gameplay and increased workplace pressure amid staffing reductions.
Leong said Macau’s gaming sector should ensure that technological development remains “people-oriented,” arguing that innovation should improve working conditions and operational efficiency without undermining employment stability or worker wellbeing.
The debate comes as AI-driven gaming technologies continue to develop globally, including automated and virtual dealer systems designed to reduce operating costs and expand scalability for casino operators.
What is playing out on the expo floors of Macau therefore reflects a wider tension the industry has yet to resolve: how far automation can go before it fundamentally undermines the human trust on which live casino is built.
Macau’s casino sector is one of the city’s largest employers, with tens of thousands of residents working in gaming-related roles including table operations and hospitality
